Wrk

wrk介绍

wrk是一款现代化的HTTP性能测试工具，即使运行在单核CPU上也能产生显着的压力。它融合了一种多线程设计，并使用了一些可扩展事件通知机制，例如epoll and kqueue。一个可选的LuaJIT脚本能产生HTTP请求，响应处理和自定义报告，更详细的脚本内容可以参考scripts目录下的一些例子。

wrk下载和安装

先安装git

git clone https://github.com/wg/wrk.git
cd wrk
make

编译成功后，目录下就会有一个wrk文件。如果编译过程中报错fatal error: openssl/ssl.h: No such file or directory，则需要安装openssl的库。

sudo apt-get install libssl-dev 
或者
sudo yum install  openssl-devel

例子

wrk -t12 -c400 -d30s http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.html

它将会产生如下测试，12个线程（threads），保持400个HTTP连接（connections）开启，测试时间30秒(seconds)。

详细的命令行参数如下：

-c,    --connections（连接数）:      total number of HTTP connections to keep open with each thread handling N = connections/threads
-d,    --duration（测试持续时间）:     duration of the test, e.g. 2s, 2m, 2h
-t,    --threads（线程）:            total number of threads to use
-s,    --script（脚本）:             LuaJIT script, see SCRIPTING
-H,    --header（头信息）:           HTTP header to add to request, e.g. "User-Agent: wrk"
      --latency（响应信息）:         print detailed latency statistics
      --timeout（超时时间）:         record a timeout if a response is not received within this amount of time.

输出结果：

Running 30s test @ http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.html
 12 threads and 400 connections
 Thread Stats   Avg      Stdev     Max   +/- Stdev
   Latency   635.91us    0.89ms  12.92ms   93.69%
   Req/Sec    56.20k     8.07k   62.00k    86.54%
 22464657 requests in 30.00s, 17.76GB read
Requests/sec: 748868.53
Transfer/sec:    606.33MB

结果：

Latency: 响应信息, 包括平均值, 标准偏差, 最大值, 正负一个标准差占比。 Req/Sec: 每个线程每秒钟的完成的请求数，同样有平均值，标准偏差，最大值，正负一个标准差占比。 30秒钟总共完成请求数为22464657，读取数据量为17.76GB。 线程总共平均每秒钟处理748868.53个请求（QPS）,每秒钟读取606.33MB数据量。

发送post请求例子

首先需要创建一个post.lua文件，内容如下：

wrk.method = "POST"
wrk.headers["uid"] = "127.0.0.1"
wrk.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
wrk.body     ='{"uid":"127.0.0.1","Version":"1.0","devicetype":"web","port":"8080"}'

测试执行命令如下：

./wrk --latency -t100 -c1500  -d120s --timeout=15s -s post.lua http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.html

这个脚本加入了—lantency：输出结果里可以看到响应时间分布情况，

Running 2m test @ http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.html
 100 threads and 1500 connections
 Thread Stats   Avg      Stdev     Max   +/- Stdev
   Latency   127.26ms  157.88ms   2.44s    87.94%
   Req/Sec   177.91     45.09     1.10k    69.97%
 Latency Distribution
    50%   66.05ms
    75%  143.57ms
    90%  325.41ms
    99%  760.20ms
 2138290 requests in 2.00m, 3.17GB read
Requests/sec:  17804.57
Transfer/sec:  27.05MB

带随机参数的get请求例子

如果想构造不同的get请求，请求带随机参数，则lua脚本如下

request = function() num = math.random(1000,9999)

  path = "/test.html?t=" .. num
  return wrk.format("GET", path)

end 添加参数txt文件例子 如果要测试的url需要参数化，uids.txt文件内容如下：

100 101 102 lua脚本如下:

urimap = {} counter = 0 function init(args)

   for line in io.lines("uids.txt") do
      print(line)
      urimap[counter] = line
      counter = counter + 1
  end
  counter = 0
end
request = function()
  local path ="/GetInfo.aspx?u=%s&m=1"
  parms = urimap[counter%(table.getn(urimap) + 1)]
  path = string.format(path,parms)
  counter = counter + 1
  return wrk.format(nil, path) 
end

提交不同表单内容例子

wrk.method = "POST"
wrk.body = ""
wrk.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
-- 提交不同表单内容
local queries = {
   "version=1.0",
   "version=2.0",
   "version=3.0"
}
local i = 0
request = function()
   local body = wrk.format(nil, nil, nil, queries[i % #queries + 1])
   i = i + 1
   return body
end

访问多个url例子

如果要随机测试多个url，可参考wrk-scripts这个项目。

需要创建一个文件名为paths.txt，里面每行是一个要测试的url网址。lua脚本如下:

counter = 0
-- Initialize the pseudo random number generator - http://lua-users.org/wiki/MathLibraryTutorial
math.randomseed(os.time())
math.random(); math.random(); math.random()
function file_exists(file)
 local f = io.open(file, "rb")
 if f then f:close() end
 return f ~= nil
end
function shuffle(paths)
 local j, k
 local n = #paths
 for i = 1, n do
   j, k = math.random(n), math.random(n)
   paths[j], paths[k] = paths[k], paths[j]
 end
 return paths
end
function non_empty_lines_from(file)
 if not file_exists(file) then return {} end
 lines = {}
 for line in io.lines(file) do
   if not (line == ) then
     lines[#lines + 1] = line
   end
 end
 return shuffle(lines)
end
paths = non_empty_lines_from("paths.txt")
if #paths <= 0 then
 print("multiplepaths: No paths found. You have to create a file paths.txt with one path per line")
 os.exit()
end
print("multiplepaths: Found " .. #paths .. " paths")
request = function()
   path = paths[counter]
   counter = counter + 1
   if counter > #paths then
     counter = 0
   end
   return wrk.format(nil, path)
end